Diabetic Eye Care

Diabetic Eye Care

The term diabetic retinopathy is used to describe the gradual destruction of the small blood vessels located within the retina from their origins in diabetes. Gradually, they seep fluids and blood into the retina and impair vision.

Why is Testing for Diabetic Retinopathy So Important?

The very early stages of diabetic retinopathy are usually asymptomatic and therefore tend to go unnoticed until much of the damage has already occurred. Routine eye exams are essential for early detection of the disease and will minimize the degree of vision impairment potentially within reach.

Who Is at Risk?

If you have diabetes, of any type, you are at risk for developing diabetic retinopathy; especially:

• If you have had diabetes for a number of years
• If you have poorly controlled diabetes
• If you have hypertension

How Does Diabetes Affect Your Eyes?

The high level of sugar in the blood weakens the blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the retina. After this weakening, these vessels begin to leak, and eventually, in cases of prolonged ischemia, death of the retina ensues. If untreated, insulin deprivation leading to neovascularization of the retina can result in massive hemorrhage and other complications.

Tests for Diabetic Retinopathy

The following tests may be carried out to diagnose diabetic retinopathy:

• Ophthalmoscopy: Direct visualization of the retina to examine for any signs of abnormality.
• Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA): An intravenous injection of special dye to visualize leaking blood vessels.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): This provides details in cross-sectional images of the retina and macula to determine whether swelling is evident.

Key Takeaways

• Diabetes is the leading cause of vision loss.
• If you have had diabetes for ten years, you may be at an increased risk for developing diabetic retinopathy.
• Although you are fortunate to have perfect vision, then you become disadvantaged.
• Though you may be able to see well, you could indeed need to contend with diabetes and vision loss.
• Early treatment saves the eye.
• You must keep close control on your blood sugar.