Computer Vision Syndrome

Definition

Computer vision syndrome is defined as a group of symptoms that occur due to extended screen time, causing increased stress on near vision and leading to various ocular, visual, and musculoskeletal issues.

Causes

• Extended Screen Use: Prolonged focus on screens leads to visual fatigue.
• Environmental Factors: Poor lighting, glare from screens, and inadequate room illumination can exacerbate symptoms.
• Screen Quality: Low resolution and refresh rates contribute to eye strain.
• Refractive Errors: Uncorrected vision problems like nearsightedness or astigmatism can worsen symptoms.

Symptoms

• Eye fatigue and strain
• Blurry or double vision
• Dry and irritated eyes
• Headaches
• Neck and shoulder pain
• Difficulty focusing on the screen

Signs

• Red or watery eyes
• Increased sensitivity to light
• Frequent blinking or squinting
• Improper posture while using devices

Risk Factors

• Spending more than two hours daily on digital devices
• Working in poorly lit environments
• Existing refractive errors or eye conditions
• Age (older adults are more susceptible)
• Not following preventive measures like the 20-20-20 rule (looking away every 20 minutes at an object 20 feet away for 20 seconds)

Diagnosis

• Patient History: Assessing symptoms and duration of screen use.
• Eye Examination: Checking for refractive errors and overall eye health.
• Visual Acuity Tests: Evaluating how well the patient can see at various distances.

Treatment

• Corrective Lenses: Updating prescriptions for glasses or contact lenses.
• Lubricating Eye Drops: To alleviate dryness.
• Ergonomic Adjustments: Improving workspace setup (screen height, distance).
• Taking Breaks: Following the 20-20-20 rule to reduce strain.

Prevention

• Ensuring proper lighting in workspaces
• Using screen filters to reduce glare
• Maintaining an appropriate distance from screens (about an arm's length)
• Regularly taking breaks to rest the eyes